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.. This is a comment. Note how any initial comments are moved by
transforms to after the document title, subtitle, and docinfo.
.. _doctitle:
================================
reStructuredText Test Document
================================
.. Above is the document title, and below is the subtitle.
They are transformed from section titles after parsing.
.. _subtitle:
--------------------------------
Examples of Syntax Constructs
--------------------------------
.. bibliographic fields (which also require a transform):
:Author: David Goodger
:Address: 123 Example Street
Example, EX Canada
A1B 2C3
:Contact: goodger@python.org
:Authors: Me; Myself; I
:organization: humankind
:date: Now, or yesterday. Or maybe even *before* yesterday.
:status: This is a "work in progress"
:revision: is managed by a version control system.
:version: 1
:copyright: This document has been placed in the public domain. You
may do with it as you wish. You may copy, modify,
redistribute, reattribute, sell, buy, rent, lease,
destroy, or improve it, quote it at length, excerpt,
incorporate, collate, fold, staple, or mutilate it, or do
anything else to it that your or anyone else's heart
desires.
:field name: This is a "generic bibliographic field".
:field name "2":
Generic bibliographic fields may contain multiple body elements.
Like this.
:Dedication:
For Docutils users & co-developers.
:abstract:
This is a test document, containing at least one example of each
reStructuredText construct.
.. meta::
:keywords: reStructuredText, test, parser
:description lang=en: A test document, containing at least one
example of each reStructuredText construct.
.. raw:: latex
\pagebreak[4] % start ToC on new page
.. contents:: Table of Contents
.. section-numbering::
Structural Elements
===================
Section Title
-------------
Section Subtitle
````````````````
Lone subsections are converted to a section subtitle by a transform
activated with the ``--section-subtitles`` command line option or the
``sectsubtitle-xform`` configuration value.
Empty Section
-------------
Transitions
-----------
Here's a transition:
---------
It divides the section. Transitions may also occur between sections:
---------
Body Elements
=============
Paragraphs
----------
A paragraph.
Inline Markup
`````````````
Paragraphs contain text and may contain inline markup: *emphasis*,
**strong emphasis**, ``inline literals``, standalone hyperlinks
(http://www.python.org), external hyperlinks (Python_), internal
cross-references (example_), external hyperlinks with embedded URIs
(`Python web site <http://www.python.org>`__), `anonymous hyperlink
references`__ (`a second reference`__), footnote references (manually
numbered [1]_, anonymous auto-numbered [#]_, labeled auto-numbered
[#label]_, or symbolic [*]_), citation references ([CIT2002]_),
substitution references (|example|), and _`inline hyperlink targets`
(see Targets_ below for a reference back to here). Character-level
inline markup is also possible (although exceedingly ugly!) in *re*\
``Structured``\ *Text*. Problems are indicated by |problematic| text
(generated by processing errors; this one is intentional). Here is a
reference to the doctitle_ and the subtitle_.
__ http://www.python.org/
__ http://docutils.sourceforge.net/
The default role for interpreted text is `Title Reference`. Here are
some explicit interpreted text roles: a PEP reference (:PEP:`287`); an
RFC reference (:RFC:`2822`); an abbreviation (:ab:`abb.`), an acronym
(:ac:`reST`), code (:code:`print "hello world"`); a :sub:`subscript`;
a :sup:`superscript` and explicit roles for :title:`Docutils`'
:emphasis:`standard` :strong:`inline` :literal:`markup`.
.. DO NOT RE-WRAP THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPH!
Let's test wrapping and whitespace significance in inline literals:
``This is an example of --inline-literal --text, --including some--
strangely--hyphenated-words. Adjust-the-width-of-your-browser-window
to see how the text is wrapped. -- ---- -------- Now note the
spacing between the words of this sentence (words
should be grouped in pairs).``
If the ``--pep-references`` option was supplied, there should be a
live link to PEP 258 here.
Bullet Lists
------------
- A bullet list
+ Nested bullet list.
+ Nested item 2.
- Item 2.
Paragraph 2 of item 2.
* Nested bullet list.
* Nested item 2.
- Third level.
- Item 2.
* Nested item 3.
* This nested list should be compacted by the HTML writer.
.. _target:
.. Even if this item contains a target and a comment.
Enumerated Lists
----------------
1. Arabic numerals.
a) lower alpha)
(i) (lower roman)
A. upper alpha.
I) upper roman)
2. Lists that don't start at 1:
3. Three
4. Four
C. C
D. D
iii. iii
iv. iv
Definition Lists
----------------
Term
Definition
Term : classifier
Definition paragraph 1.
Definition paragraph 2.
Term
Definition
Term : classifier one : classifier two
Definition
Field Lists
-----------
:what: Field lists map field names to field bodies, like database
records. They are often part of an extension syntax. They are
an unambiguous variant of RFC 2822 fields.
:how arg1 arg2:
The field marker is a colon, the field name, and a colon.
The field body may contain one or more body elements, indented
relative to the field marker.
:credits:
.. class:: credits
This paragraph has the `credits` class set. (This is actually not
about credits but just for ensuring that the class attribute
doesn't get stripped away.)
Option Lists
------------
For listing command-line options:
-a command-line option "a"
-b file options can have arguments
and long descriptions
--long options can be long also
--input=file long options can also have
arguments
--very-long-option
The description can also start on the next line.
The description may contain multiple body elements,
regardless of where it starts.
-x, -y, -z Multiple options are an "option group".
-v, --verbose Commonly-seen: short & long options.
-1 file, --one=file, --two file
Multiple options with arguments.
/V DOS/VMS-style options too
There must be at least two spaces between the option and the
description.
Literal Blocks
--------------
Literal blocks are indicated with a double-colon ("::") at the end of
the preceding paragraph (over there ``-->``). They can be indented::
if literal_block:
text = 'is left as-is'
spaces_and_linebreaks = 'are preserved'
markup_processing = None
Or they can be quoted without indentation::
>> Great idea!
>
> Why didn't I think of that?
Line Blocks
-----------
This section tests line blocks. Line blocks are body elements which
consist of lines and other line blocks. Nested line blocks cause
indentation.
| This is a line block. It ends with a blank line.
| New lines begin with a vertical bar ("|").
| Line breaks and initial indent are significant, and preserved.
| Continuation lines are also possible. A long line that is intended
to wrap should begin with a space in place of the vertical bar.
| The left edge of a continuation line need not be aligned with
the left edge of the text above it.
| This is a second line block.
|
| Blank lines are permitted internally, but they must begin with a "|".
Another line block, surrounded by paragraphs:
| And it's no good waiting by the window
| It's no good waiting for the sun
| Please believe me, the things you dream of
| They don't fall in the lap of no-one
Take it away, Eric the Orchestra Leader!
| A one, two, a one two three four
|
| Half a bee, philosophically,
| must, *ipso facto*, half not be.
| But half the bee has got to be,
| *vis a vis* its entity. D'you see?
|
| But can a bee be said to be
| or not to be an entire bee,
| when half the bee is not a bee,
| due to some ancient injury?
|
| Singing...
A line block, like the following poem by Christian Morgenstern, can
also be centre-aligned:
.. class:: language-de align-center
| **Die Trichter**
|
| Zwei Trichter wandeln durch die Nacht.
| Durch ihres Rumpfs verengten Schacht
| fließt weißes Mondlicht
| still und heiter
| auf   ihren
| Waldweg
| u. s.
| w.
|
Block Quotes
------------
Block quotes consist of indented body elements:
My theory by A. Elk. Brackets Miss, brackets. This theory goes
as follows and begins now. All brontosauruses are thin at one
end, much much thicker in the middle and then thin again at the
far end. That is my theory, it is mine, and belongs to me and I
own it, and what it is too.
-- Anne Elk (Miss)
The language of a quote (like any other object) can be specified by
a class attribute:
.. class:: language-fr
..
ReStructuredText est un langage de balisage léger utilisé
notamment dans la documentation du langage Python.
Doctest Blocks
--------------
>>> print 'Python-specific usage examples; begun with ">>>"'
Python-specific usage examples; begun with ">>>"
>>> print '(cut and pasted from interactive Python sessions)'
(cut and pasted from interactive Python sessions)
Footnotes
---------
.. [1] A footnote contains body elements, consistently indented by at
least 3 spaces.
This is the footnote's second paragraph.
.. [#label] Footnotes may be numbered, either manually (as in [1]_) or
automatically using a "#"-prefixed label. This footnote has a
label so it can be referred to from multiple places, both as a
footnote reference ([#label]_) and as a `hyperlink reference`__.
__ label_
.. [#] This footnote is numbered automatically and anonymously using a
label of "#" only.
This is the second paragraph.
And this is the third paragraph.
.. [*] Footnotes may also use symbols, specified with a "*" label.
Here's a reference to the next footnote: [*]_.
.. [*] This footnote shows the next symbol in the sequence.
.. [4] Here's an unreferenced footnote, with a reference to a
nonexistent footnote: [5]_.
Citations
---------
.. [CIT2002] Citations are text-labeled footnotes. They may be
rendered separately and differently from footnotes.
Here's a reference to the above, [CIT2002]_, and a [nonexistent]_
citation.
.. _Another Target:
Targets
-------
.. _example:
This paragraph is pointed to by the explicit "example" target. A
reference can be found under `Inline Markup`_, above. `Inline
hyperlink targets`_ are also possible.
Section headers are implicit targets, referred to by name. See
Targets_, which is a subsection of `Body Elements`_.
Explicit external targets are interpolated into references such as
"Python_".
.. _Python: http://www.python.org/
Targets may be indirect and anonymous. Thus `this phrase`__ may also
refer to the Targets_ section.
__ Targets_
Here's a `hyperlink reference without a target`_, which generates an
error.
Duplicate Target Names
``````````````````````
Duplicate names in section headers or other implicit targets will
generate "info" (level-1) system messages. Duplicate names in
explicit targets will generate "warning" (level-2) system messages.
Duplicate Target Names
``````````````````````
Since there are two "Duplicate Target Names" section headers, we
cannot uniquely refer to either of them by name. If we try to (like
this: `Duplicate Target Names`_), an error is generated.
Directives
----------
.. contents:: :local:
These are just a sample of the many reStructuredText Directives. For
others, please see
http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/ref/rst/directives.html.
Document Parts
``````````````
An example of the "contents" directive can be seen above this section
(a local, untitled table of contents_) and at the beginning of the
document (a document-wide `table of contents`_).
Images and Figures
``````````````````
An image directive (also clickable -- a hyperlink reference):
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/title.png
:class: class1 class2
:target: directives_
Image with multiple IDs:
.. _image target 1:
.. _image target 2:
.. _image target 3:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/title.png
A centered image:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:align: center
A left-aligned image:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:align: left
This paragraph might flow around the image.
The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and
the browser or rendering software used.
A right-aligned image:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:align: right
This paragraph might flow around the image.
The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and
the browser or rendering software used.
For inline images see `Substitution Definitions`_.
Image size:
An image 2 em wide:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:width: 2 em
An image 2 em wide and 15 pixel high:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:width: 2em
:height: 15 px
An image occupying 50% of the line width:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/title.png
:width: 50%
An image 2 cm high:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:height: 2 cm
A *figure* is an image with a caption and/or a legend. With page-based output
media, figures might float to a different position if this helps the page
layout.
.. figure:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/title.png
:figclass: figclass1 figclass2
:class: class1 class2
:alt: reStructuredText, the markup syntax
:width: 258
Plaintext markup syntax and parser system.
+------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| re | Revised, revisited, based on 're' module. |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Structured | Structure-enhanced text, structuredtext. |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Text | Well it is, isn't it? |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------+
This paragraph is also part of the legend.
A left-aligned figure:
.. figure:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:figclass: figclass1 figclass2
:class: class1 class2
:alt: reStructuredText, the markup syntax
:align: left
:width: 40 px
:figwidth: 70 %
This is the caption.
This is the legend.
The legend may consist of several paragraphs.
This paragraph might flow around the figure.
The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and the browser or
rendering software used.
A centered figure:
.. figure:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:align: center
:width: 40 px
This is the caption.
This is the legend.
The legend may consist of several paragraphs.
This paragraph might flow around the figure.
The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and the browser or
rendering software used.
A right-aligned figure:
.. figure:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
:align: right
:width: 40 px
This is the caption.
This is the legend.
The legend may consist of several paragraphs.
This paragraph might flow around the figure. The specific behavior depends
upon the style sheet and the browser or rendering software used.
Tables may be given titles and additional arguments with the *table*
directive:
.. Table:: left-aligned table
:align: left
===== =====
A not A
===== =====
False True
True False
===== =====
.. Table:: center-aligned table
:align: center
===== =====
A not A
===== =====
False True
True False
===== =====
.. Table:: right-aligned table
:align: right
===== =====
A not A
===== =====
False True
True False
===== =====
With the "widths" argument "auto" (or "class" value "colwidths-auto"),
column widths are determined by the backend (if supported by the
writer/backend).
.. _target1:
.. _target2:
.. table::
:widths: auto
======= ======= ==========
A B A or B
======= ======= ==========
False False False
True False True
False True True
True True True
======= ======= ==========
Admonitions
```````````
.. Attention:: Directives at large.
.. Caution::
Don't take any wooden nickels.
.. DANGER:: Mad scientist at work!
.. Error:: Does not compute.
.. Hint:: It's bigger than a bread box.
.. Important::
- Wash behind your ears.
- Clean up your room.
- Call your mother.
- Back up your data.
.. Note:: This is a note.
.. Tip:: 15% if the service is good.
.. WARNING:: Strong prose may provoke extreme mental exertion.
Reader discretion is strongly advised.
.. admonition:: And, by the way...
You can make up your own admonition too.
.. _Docutils: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/
Topics, Sidebars, and Rubrics
`````````````````````````````
*Sidebars* are like miniature, parallel documents.
.. sidebar:: Sidebar Title
:subtitle: Optional Subtitle
This is a sidebar. It is for text outside the flow of the main
text.
.. rubric:: This is a rubric inside a sidebar
Sidebars often appear beside the main text with a border and a different
background or font color.
A *topic* is like a block quote with a title, or a self-contained section
with no subsections.
.. topic:: Topic Title
This is a topic.
A *rubric* is like an informal heading that doesn't correspond to the
document's structure. It is typically highlighted in red (hence the name).
.. rubric:: This is a rubric
Topics and rubrics can be used at places where a `section title`_ is not
allowed (e.g. inside a directive).
Target Footnotes
````````````````
.. target-notes::
Replacement Text
````````````````
I recommend you try |Python|_.
.. |Python| replace:: Python, *the* best language around
Compound Paragraph
``````````````````
The *compound* directive is used to create a "compound paragraph", which
is a single logical paragraph containing multiple physical body
elements. For example:
.. compound::
The 'rm' command is very dangerous. If you are logged
in as root and enter ::
cd /
rm -rf *
you will erase the entire contents of your file system.
Test the handling and display of compound paragraphs:
.. compound::
:class: some-class
Compound 2, paragraph 1,
compound 2, paragraph 2,
* list item 1,
* list item 2,
compound 2, paragraph 3.
.. compound::
Compound 3, only consisting of one paragraph.
.. compound::
::
Compound 4.
This one starts with a literal block.
Compound 4, paragraph following the literal block.
Now something *really* perverted -- a nested compound block. This is
just to test that it works at all; the results don't have to be
meaningful.
.. compound::
Compound 5, block 1 (a paragraph).
.. compound::
Compound 6 is block 2 in compound 5.
Compound 6, another paragraph.
Compound 5, block 3 (a paragraph).
.. compound::
Compound 7, tests the inclusion of various block-level
elements in one logical paragraph. First a table,
+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| Left cell, first | Middle cell, | Right cell. |
| paragraph. | consisting of | |
| | exactly one | Paragraph 2. |
| Left cell, second | paragraph. | |
| paragraph. | | Paragraph 3. |
+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+
followed by a paragraph. This physical paragraph is
actually a continuation of the paragraph before the table. It is followed
by
a quote and
#. an enumerated list,
a paragraph,
--an option list,
a paragraph,
:a field: list,
a paragraph,
a definition
list,
a paragraph, an image:
.. image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
a paragraph,
| a line
| block,
a paragraph followed by a comment,
.. this is a comment
a paragraph, a
.. note:: with content
and the final paragraph of the compound 7.
Parsed Literal Blocks
`````````````````````
.. parsed-literal::
This is a parsed literal block.
This line is indented. The next line is blank.
Inline markup is supported, e.g. *emphasis*, **strong**, ``literal
text``, :sub:`sub-` and :sup:`super`\ scripts,
inline formulas: :math:`A = 2 \pi r^2`,
footnotes [1]_, _`hyperlink targets`, and `references
<http://www.python.org/>`_.
Code
````
Blocks of source code can be set with the `code` directive. If the code
language is specified, the content is parsed and tagged by the Pygments_
syntax highlighter and can be formatted with a style sheet. (Code parsing
is turned off using the ``syntax-highlight`` config setting in the test
conversions in order to get identical results with/without installed
Pygments highlighter.)
.. code:: python
print 'This is Python code.'
The ``:number-lines:`` option (with optional start value) generates line
numbers:
.. code:: python
:number-lines: 8
# print integers from 0 to 9:
for i in range(10):
print i
For inline code snippets, there is the `code` role, which can be used
directly (the code will not be parsed/tagged, as the language is not known)
or as base for special code roles, e.g. the LaTeX code in the next
paragraph.
.. role:: tex(code)
:language: tex
Docutils uses LaTeX syntax for math directives and roles:
:tex:`\alpha = f(x)` prints :math:`\alpha = f(x)`.
The ``:code:`` option of the `include` directive sets the included content
as a code block, here the rst file ``header_footer.txt`` with line numbers:
.. include:: header_footer.txt
:code: rst
:number-lines:
.. _Pygments: http://pygments.org/
Substitution Definitions
------------------------
An inline image (|example|) example:
.. |EXAMPLE| image:: ../../../docs/user/rst/images/biohazard.png
(Substitution definitions are not visible in the HTML source.)
Comments
--------
Here's one:
.. Comments begin with two dots and a space. Anything may
follow, except for the syntax of footnotes, hyperlink
targets, directives, or substitution definitions.
Double-dashes -- "--" -- must be escaped somehow in HTML output.
Comments may contain non-ASCII characters: ä ö ü æ ø å
(View the HTML source to see the comment.)
Raw text
--------
This does not necessarily look nice, because there may be missing white space.
It's just there to freeze the behavior.
.. raw:: html latex
A test.
.. raw:: html latex
Second test.
.. class:: myclass
.. raw:: html latex
Another test with myclass set.
.. role:: raw-role(raw)
:format: html latex
:class: myrawroleclass
This is the :raw-role:`fourth test` with myrawroleclass set.
.. raw:: html
Fifth test in HTML.<br />Line two.
.. raw:: latex
Fifth test in LaTeX.\\Line two.
Container
---------
.. container:: custom
paragraph 1
paragraph 2